The burned city
The burned city the most amazing city in the world and amazing of Iran History is considered to be the 17th Iranian historic site in the UNESCO list, which is now known as one of the most advanced ancient cities in the world, with its 5,000-year history.
The burned city during Traveling to Iran is located 56 kilometers from Zabol in Sistan and Baluchestan province and on the border of Zabol road Zahedan. It was founded in 3200 BC, and the people of this city lived in four periods between 3200 and 1800 BC.
The ancient site of the burned city in the second and third millennium BC was built by immigrants who emigrated from the four corners. The document or inscription, which identifies the real and ancient name of the city, has not yet been obtained and because it was burnt in the two periods between 3200 and 2750 BC.it is called the “burned city”.
The burned city is one of the historical and ancient monuments of the Bronze Age of Jiroft civilization in the province of Sistan and Baluchestan in Iran. It is one of the most notable places in Iran Tourism Attractions.
The city was built on the shores of the Hirmand River and the Hamoon Lake at its own time and along the Zahedan-Zabul road.
Colonel Beat, a British military officer, is one of the first persons who pointed to this area during the Qajar period and after visiting Sistan, and the first one who called the site as the burned city in his memorial and has seen the remains of the fire of this city.
Then Sir Orleanstein provided useful information on the site by visiting this site in 1937. Then the burned city was explored by Italian archaeologists under the direction of Martius Bazzai from 1346 to 1357. Since then, the Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization of Sistan and Baluchestan province has been responsible for exploration in this part of Sistan and Baluchestan.
By discoveries in this city, it is one of the rarest ancient cities in which women have been responsible for the finances of their families.
Amazing discoveries of the burned city:
Artificial eye 5000 years ago
For the first time in the burnt city, an artificial eye was found. Early studies have shown that the left-handed body of the buried woman body was artificial in grave No. 6705. The same studies show that under the woman’s eyebrow arch, the abscess works.
Due to the length of time that the lower part of the eye is in contact with the eyelids, the organic effects of the eyelids are also evident. The material and substance that the eye was made with are not yet fully elucidated and its diagnosis is postponed to subsequent experiments, but it seems that the eye is made of bitumen mixed with a kind of animal fat. On this artificial eye, the smallest capillaries inside the eye are designed with golden wires of diameter less than half a millimeter. The pupil is designed in the middle and a number of parallel lines, which make up almost a diamond, are also seen around the pupil. Two side holes on both sides of this synthetic eye are fitted to hold it and connect it to the eye socket. Anthropological studies have shown that it is most likely that the woman was between 25 and 30 years old and had two veins (black and white). The objects found in this grave are two parts: pottery, decorative seals, a leather bag and a bronze mirror. This grave and artificial limbs date back to about 2,800 years more than 4,700 years BC. The study is aimed at obtaining further information on the eye and skull.
First Backgammon
The discovery of a game similar to today’s backgammon is another wonderland of the city. According to the history of the burned city, it can be said that the oldest backgammon of the world belongs to these people. In the cemetery No. 761, a game was found with 60 beads similar to the modern backgammon that is older and more similar than the Sumerian game about five thousand years ago.
Brain surgery 5,000 years ago
Another surprising finding in the city is the signs of the oldest brain surgery in the burnt city. Archeologists found a skull of a twelve or thirteen-year-old girl, who was taken 4800 years ago by his doctors to remove and remove the part of his skull bone in the treatment of hydrocephaly (fluid build-up in the skull).
5000-year-old ruler
In excavations in the burned city, a line made of ebony wood has been discovered. This ruler is 10 cm long with a precision of 0.5 mm and is made of ebony wood. The discovery of a ruler in the burnt city of Zabul indicates that the inhabitants of this ancient city have had many advances in mathematical science.
The First animation of the world
Archaeologists discovered a cup at a five-thousand-year-old grave that showing the picture of a goat with a tree on it. After examining this object, they found that the role of the goat played against it, unlike other works from the historic sites of the burned city, and it had a purposeful repetition, in such a way that the goat moves towards the tree. The artist, who painted the canvas of the cupola, has been able to design a bowl in five movements that feed by the leaves on the tree. By bringing these images closer together, archaeologists succeeded in obtaining an example of a moving image in the form of a 20-second film.
