Shamsuddin Mohammad, known as “ Lessan al-Ghab,” has been a great poet in Iran History in the 8th century. The exact date of the birth of Hafez is not known, perhaps around the year 727A H.

During Traveling to Iran   Hafez tomb is one of the Iran Attractions.

 Hafez Biography

It is said that Hafez’s father was Bahahedin Isfahani’s businessman, who married a woman from Kazeroon ( a city near shiraz ) and soon died during the childhood of Shamsuddin Muhammad.

After that, Hafiz took a hard life with his mother and had to work hard to for living. Since he was interested in studying science, he was attending the lessons of the scholars and elders of his time. As he had learned Quran and knew it by heart in the youthful days he was Indicated Hafez ( Hafeze Quran ).

The era of Hafez coincided with the decline of the local dynasty of Atabakan-e Fars, and these important states had taken over the dynasty of Injoo

 

Hafez, who attained a great reputation in the same period, was attended by the Injoo rulers , and after reaching their court, Shah Shaykh Jamaluddin Abu Ishagh , the ruler of Fars respected him a lot .

The era of Shah Abu Ishagh rule was accompanied by justice and fairness.

This great ruler And this scientist and philanthropist, during his reign in the development of Fars, and the comfort and security of the people of this province, especially Shiraz, tried from 742 to 754 AH.

. Hafez benefited from the grace of Amir Abu- Ishagh and expressed his gratitude to this noble devotee in his poems by praising him by naming such as (Jamal of the Face of Islam) and (Sepehr Alam Va hiya).

After the peacetime of Abu- Ishagh era  ,  Amir Mobarezolddin, the founder of the Al-Muzaffar dynasty, in the year 754 AH, defeated Abu- Ishagh .

Then Abu Ishagh  was  hanged in Shiraz Square, he established a regime of oppression and rigor throughout the state of Fars reigned.

Amir Mobazzaddin Shahi was a fanatic and tyrannical one. He pointed to this matter in a ghazale( one kind of poems ):

. راستی خاتم فیروزه بو اسحاقی —– خوش درخشید ولی دولت مستعجل بود

دیدی آن قهقهه کبک خرامان حافظ —– که زسر پنجه شاهین قضا غافل بود

 

It should be noted that Hafiz, in some of the praises of the kings who said that he did not lose his self-control, but also, as Sa’di, taught his praised people, and pointed to the punishment of the world and the necessity of observance of justice and fair  .

The actions of Amir Mobarezoldin met with Hafez’s opposition and dissatisfaction, and Hafiz considered it hypocritical by the overthrow of such acts and caused by the arrogance and religious intolerance of Amir Mobarezoldin.

The monarchy of Amir Mobarezoldin did not last long, and in 759 AH, two of his sons, Shah Mahmud and Shah Shuja, who had been defeated by much king’s violence, provided a conspiracy and disposed of their father.

The two princes, in turn, gave Hafez a great deal of respect, and since they also enjoyed literature and science, the poet supported his distinguished dignity, Hafez.

Late in the life of Hafiz, the prominent poet of Iran coincided with the attack of “Amir Timur” and the brutal and bloody king after many crimes and bloodshed in Isfahan, and seventy thousand people were killed by this cruel king, he made several minarets of the murderers ‘heads. Then he went to Shiraz.

 

Hafez’s death probably took place in 791 AH. Hafez was buried in the Mosala garden, which was a beautiful area, and Hafez liked it very much.

Since then, the place has become famous for Hafezieh. It is believed that during the funeral of Hafez “Khaj-e Shiraz”, a group of fanatics who believed his poetry and his references to wine and Music and the legend testified to polytheism, prevented the burial of the wise man based on the Moslem custom.

In a dispute between Hafez’s lovers and his opponents, eventually, they agreed to know the best judgment by opening the Hafez’s book and read one poem.

After opening the book the poem of this verse, it came to pass:

A halt to the passage of the body of Hafiz —– which, though drowning in sin, goes to heaven

 

Hafez spent most of his life in Shiraz, and unlike Sa’di, he was always in Shiraz except for a short trip to Yazd and a half-trip to the port of Hormuz.

During his life, Hafez gained a great reputation throughout Iran, and his poems went to distant parts like India.

It has been quoted that Hafez was respected by the many sultans of Al-Jalayer and the kings of Bahmani in Deccan, India, and many kings invited Hafez to their capitals.

Hafez only accepted the invitation of Mahmud Shah Bahmani and headed for the land but when he arrived at the port of Hormuz and boarded the ship, a storm stretched and Khwaje shiraz ( Hafez), who had seen in the land, chaos, and storm of various incidents, did not want to make himself confused with the turbulence of the sea. He was reluctant to travel.

The main reputation of Hafez and the secret of his eternal dynamism is his fame because of the ghazals and ghazals that are very beautiful.

 

Tombstone Symbolism

The southern part of the tomb symbolizes the material world and its enticing appearances.

Upon getting closer to the tomb, man is freed from the sensual wisdom of the senses and the rise from the porch is a mystical ascension and journey in the kingdom world.

Gradually, the tomb, which is the symbol of the sun, appears, and coming down from the porch, the symbol of the bow is against this bright sun.

The porch consists of 2 rows of stepping teams, each with 9 steps. In Persian literature, 9 are heavens and are sacred.

The northern part of the tomb is the symbol of the kingdom because in this part we arrive at the tomb, which symbolizes the achievement of the truths and mysteries of the world. This section includes 8 entrance and exit doors; also the tomb consists of 8 stone columns. The number 8 is the symbol of the eighth century (the one that Hafez lived in) and the eight doors of Paradise.

The exterior of the tomb’s dome is a symbol of heaven and is like a Turkish hat. The interior of the dome is adorned with various mystical colors; turquoise blue (symbol of paradise), purple-red (symbol of the eternal wine), black and white (symbol of night and day) and burned brown (the symbol of the soil).