Neyshabur, is situated 46 miles (74 km) west of Meshed. The town, which has shifted its position repeatedly in historical times, lies at an elevation of 3,980 feet (1,213 meters) in a wide, well-watered, and fertile plain at the southern foot of the Binalood Mountains. The surrounding area produces cereals and cotton, and the town’s industries include agricultural marketing and the manufacture of carpets and pottery. Neyshabur is linked by road and railway with Tehran and Meshed.

Neyshabur derived its name from its alleged founder, the Sasanian king Shahpur I (d. 272). It was once one of the four great cities of the region of Khorasan and was important in the 5th century as the residence of the Sasanian king Yazdegerd II (reigned 438–457). By the time the Arabs came to Khorasan in the mid-7th century, however, it had become insignificant. Under the Ṭahirid dynasty (821–873), the city flourished again, and it rose to importance under the Samanid dynasty (ended 999). Toghrïl Beg, the first Seljuq ruler, made Neyshabur his residence in 1037, but it declined in the 12th century and in the 13th twice suffered earthquakes as well as the Mongol invasion.

A few miles east of the town is the Qadamgah (1643), a fine domed mausoleum. American excavations in 1934–40 disclosed rich remains of both the Seljuq and pre-Seljuq periods in the locality. Near the mosque of the Imamzadeh Maḥroq, 4 miles (6 km) southeast of Neyshābūr, is the tomb of the 12th-century astronomer-poet Omar Khayyam. The grave of the poet and mystic Farid od-Din Attar also is situated nearby.

Based on the 2016 Iranian population census, the population of Neyshabur is 451,780 people. Neyshabur is the second most populated city in Khorasan Razavi Province.

The blue turquoise of Neyshabur has a great reputation. Hence, part of the businesses of the people in the city relates to turquoise and its handicrafts. Binalood Industrial Town and Khayyam Industrial Town are two economic centers active in the field of food production, hygienic products, etc. The two towns form a large part of Neyshabur economy. On the other hand, the agricultural fields, gardens, and pastures are another part of Neyshabur industry and economy.

Throughout history, Neyshabur has been one of the largest centers of Islamic studies and home to many scholars, poets, Sufis, and great men. The construction of this ancient city dates back to the Sassanid era when Shahpur I ordered to build the city around the mid-decades of the third century AD. In 643, Muslims conquered the city. Neyshabur was also the capital of the first semi-independent Iranian government after the Umayyad Caliphate dominating Iran.

Neyshabur has attracted emigrants because of its suitable weather and good living conditions. A large number of Arab emigrants came to this city in the first years after the advent of Islam.

At the time of Ṭahirid dynasty, Neyshabur was the capital. During the rule of different dynasties, this was an important city, especially in terms of science, art, and business, and it has witnessed continued political disagreements. The Samanid era was the most important period for Neyshabur artists and elites.

Sultan Mahmud of Qaznavi, the most famous sultan of Qaznavid dynasty, lived here in the capital of the Great Khorasan region before his reign as the Samanid army commander.

Furthermore, the establishment of the Seljuk dynasty occurred in Neyshabur. According to historians, it was during the reign of the Khwarazmian dynasty that the fall and destruction of Neyshabur started.

Mausoleum of Omar Khayyam

Maybe one can refer to these monuments as the highlights of Neyshabur tourist attractions. The Mausoleum of Khayyam is the tomb of a Persian mathematician, an astronomer, and a famous poet, “Hakim Omar Khayyam Neyshaburi”

The mausoleum is located in the southeast of Neyshabur. The Khayyam Complex consists of a garden, a library, a museum, and a guesthouse. This garden is one of the most spectacular gardens of contemporary Iran.

Hushang Seyhoun, an Iranian architect, designed and built this memorial monument and dedicated it to this world-class Persian scientist in 1962. A statue of Hakim Omar Khayyam is placed at the entrance of this complex.

Mausoleum of Attar Neyshaburi

Another building at the above-mentioned complex is the Mausoleum of Attar Neyshaburi. It is the tomb of “Sheikh Farid al-Din Attar”, a Persian poet, mystic, and scholar of the 13th century.  This tomb hosts the fans of Iranian literary, architecture and culture every year .His reputation as the author of “Manteq-ol Tair” and his position in the world of Sufism has made him a famous Iranian figure.

Tomb of Kamal-ol-Molk

The tomb of Kamal-ol-Molk is located next to the tomb of the famous Persian poet, Sheikh Attar Neyshaburi. It is the tomb of “Mohammad Ghaffari” famous as Kamal-ol-Molk, the greatest painter in contemporary Iranian history. Kamal-ol-Molk is one of the most influential people in Iran during the Qajar era.

The design of the tomb of Kamal-ol-Molk is in harmony with the tomb of Atar Neyshaburi. They emphasize on the important role of the cultural values of Iranians in this site.

Turquoise Mine of Neyshabur

The turquoise mine of the city is located 53 kilometers northwest of Neyshabur and is one of the general mines of the city. There are about eight thousand tons of turquoise stored in this mine. This Neyshabur natural attraction is one of the amazing wonders bringing many people to the city every year.